University Effects

Which statement correctly describes University Effects in New York State?

• New York’s climate varies through interacting latitude, elevation, continentality, lake influence, and Atlantic influence.
• A state-level density statistic obscures strong spatial heterogeneity between New York City’s urban core, suburban belts, regional cities, agricultural counties, and Adirondack wilderness.
• Large university systems affect regional labor markets through employment, human-capital formation, healthcare, research spending, and knowledge transfer.
• New Netherland’s economy depended on waterways, merchant networks, and Indigenous exchange relationships, linking environmental and social histories.