Lake Effect

Which statement is the best-supported description of New York’s Lake Effect?

• Lake-effect snow depends on temperature differences between cold air and relatively warmer lake water, plus wind direction and moisture.
• Elevation and terrain contribute to temperature and precipitation differences across New York.
• GDP per resident is not equivalent to average wages, household income, or personal income.
• Because about 43% of the state’s 2025 estimated population lived in New York City, equating the entire state’s population with NYC is inaccurate.