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Which description best fits California’s settlement pattern?
Correct answer(s):
- Strongly urban, with major coastal and inland-valley concentrations
Why do natural-hazard risks differ across California?
Correct answer(s):
- Regions have different climates, terrain, vegetation, and settlement patterns.
Why are earthquake-resistant planning and building practices important in California?
Correct answer(s):
- Active faults cross densely settled areas.
What geographic contrast occurs within California?
Correct answer(s):
- It has both the highest summit and lowest land elevation in the contiguous United States.
Which factors help create California’s varied climates?
Correct answer(s):
- Latitude, elevation, distance from the ocean, and mountain barriers
How does Sierra Nevada snow affect California farming and cities?
Correct answer(s):
- Snowmelt contributes to water supplies.
Why is the Central Valley highly productive for agriculture?
Correct answer(s):
- Fertile soils combine with irrigation.
Which west-to-east pattern describes much of California?
Correct answer(s):
- Coastal mountains, Central Valley, Sierra Nevada, then interior deserts
What do Native nations and communities in California continue to protect today?
Correct answer(s):
- Sovereignty, languages, traditions, and cultural sites
What caused severe population losses among Indigenous Californians after colonization?
Correct answer(s):
- Disease, violence, coercion, and displacement
Which set includes traditional activities used by Indigenous Californians?
Correct answer(s):
- Fishing, hunting, gathering, trade, controlled burning, and plant management
Why were Indigenous societies in California diverse?
Correct answer(s):
- They adapted to many different environments across the state.
Which changes were supported by new rail connections in California?
Correct answer(s):
- Migration, commerce, agriculture, and urban growth
What did the transcontinental railroad reduce for California?
Correct answer(s):
- Its isolation from eastern U.S. markets.
Why did Sacramento become important during the Gold Rush era?
Correct answer(s):
- It was near mining regions and useful transportation routes.
Why did California’s capital move among several cities in its early years?
Correct answer(s):
- The new state was still deciding on a practical permanent seat of government.
How did the Compromise of 1850 affect California?
Correct answer(s):
- It admitted California as a free state.
What important coincidence occurred in 1848?
Correct answer(s):
- Gold was discovered and the Mexican-American War formally ended.
How did the Gold Rush affect California’s path to statehood?
Correct answer(s):
- Rapid population growth accelerated the push for state government.
What changed as California passed from Spanish to Mexican and then U.S. rule?
Correct answer(s):
- Political institutions and patterns of landholding changed.