Which runic alphabet was predominantly used in Scandinavia during the Viking Age, including in Denmark?

  • Elder Futhark
  • Younger Futhark
  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc
  • Gothic alphabet
  • Younger Futhark

Which ruler is commonly identified as the first historically attested king of Denmark?

  • Harald Bluetooth
  • Gorm the Old
  • Sweyn Forkbeard
  • Canute the Great
  • Gorm the Old

What is the primary historical significance of the larger Jelling stone erected by King Harald Bluetooth in the 10th century?

  • Marking the Christianization of the Danes and asserting royal authority
  • Commemorating a Viking expedition to England
  • Recording a trade treaty with the Frankish Empire
  • Serving as a pagan ritual altar
  • Marking the Christianization of the Danes and asserting royal authority

The Tollund Man, found exceptionally well-preserved in a Danish peat bog, dates to which broad archaeological period?

  • Neolithic
  • Bronze Age
  • Iron Age
  • Viking Age
  • Iron Age

Which archaeological culture is credited with introducing farming and building megalithic tombs in Neolithic Denmark around 4000 BCE?

  • Funnel Beaker culture (TRB)
  • Ertebølle culture
  • Linear Pottery culture
  • Corded Ware culture
  • Funnel Beaker culture (TRB)

The Baltic Way human chain was held to commemorate the 50th anniversary of which 1939 agreement?

  • Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
  • Treaty of Versailles
  • Yalta Agreement
  • Pact of Steel
  • Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

Which three Baltic countries participated in the Baltic Way human chain in 1989?

  • Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia
  • Lithuania, Finland, Estonia
  • Latvia, Poland, Estonia
  • Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus
  • Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia

What is the official name of the document adopted on March 11, 1990 that declared Lithuania’s restoration of independence?

  • Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania
  • Baltic Way Declaration
  • Lithuanian Independence Proclamation of 1918
  • Vilnius Declaration of 1990
  • Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania

In which year did the Soviet Union occupy and subsequently annex Lithuania during World War II?

  • 1940
  • 1939
  • 1944
  • 1941
  • 1940

Who served as the head of state (Chairman of the Supreme Council) of Lithuania immediately after the March 11, 1990 declaration of independence?

  • Vytautas Landsbergis
  • Algirdas Brazauskas
  • Kazimira Prunskienė
  • Antanas Smetona
  • Vytautas Landsbergis

In which year was Sąjūdis, the reform movement that mobilized public support for Lithuanian independence from the Soviet Union, established?

  • 1988
  • 1985
  • 1990
  • 1989
  • 1988

During the January 1991 events in Lithuania, at which location in Vilnius did Soviet forces attack and civilians die while defending state institutions?

  • Vilnius TV Tower
  • Gediminas Castle Tower
  • Kaunas Town Hall
  • Klaipėda Seaport
  • Vilnius TV Tower

On what date did the Baltic Way human chain, linking Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, take place?

  • August 23, 1989
  • February 16, 1918
  • March 11, 1990
  • December 25, 1991
  • August 23, 1989

Which body declared the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania on March 11, 1990, effectively restoring Lithuanian independence from the Soviet Union?

  • Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania
  • Lithuanian Communist Party
  • Sąjūdis movement
  • Council of Europe
  • Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania

On which date was the Act of Independence of Lithuania signed, declaring the restoration of an independent Lithuanian state in 1918?

  • February 16, 1918
  • March 11, 1990
  • August 23, 1989
  • January 13, 1991
  • February 16, 1918

Select the date on which Soviet authorities officially recognised Lithuanian independence.

  • September 6, 1991
  • August 23, 1989
  • March 11, 1990
  • February 16, 1918
  • September 6, 1991

Choose the accurate description of the events of January 13, 1991 in Vilnius.

  • Soviet military actions against unarmed civilians defending key sites in Vilnius, resulting in civilian deaths
  • A mass emigration of Lithuanians to neighboring countries
  • The signing of a treaty formally reuniting Lithuania with the Soviet Union
  • A Soviet-backed election that confirmed Communist rule
  • Soviet military actions against unarmed civilians defending key sites in Vilnius, resulting in civilian deaths

Select the statement that correctly describes Vytautas Landsbergis’s role during the restoration of independence.

  • He was leader of Sąjūdis and served as Chairman of the Supreme Council that declared independence
  • He was the Soviet-appointed First Secretary of the Communist Party in Lithuania
  • He led the armed Forest Brothers resistance after World War II
  • He was the Soviet ambassador who negotiated recognition of Lithuanian independence
  • He was leader of Sąjūdis and served as Chairman of the Supreme Council that declared independence

Identify the nature and role of the ‘Forest Brothers’ after World War II.

  • Armed anti-Soviet partisans who resisted Soviet rule in the postwar period
  • A cultural revival group promoting Lithuanian folk songs
  • A Soviet administrative body organizing collective farms
  • A pro-Soviet militia formed during the 1991 crisis
  • Armed anti-Soviet partisans who resisted Soviet rule in the postwar period

Select the international pact associated with the Baltic Way commemoration.

  • Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939)
  • Treaty of Versailles (1919)
  • Yalta Agreement (1945)
  • Helsinki Accords (1975)
  • Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939)