Economic activities in the Sonoran Desert include oil extraction, farming, agriculture, and mining.

The Sonoran Desert supports a variety of economic activities despite its harsh environment. Oil extraction is common in some areas, particularly in the Gulf of California region. Farming and agriculture are vital in areas with irrigation, where crops like cotton, fruits, and vegetables are grown. The desert also has rich mineral deposits, including copper and gold, leading to significant mining operations. These diverse activities contribute to the local economy, although they can also pose environmental challenges for the desert ecosystem.