The phenomenon that occurs due to the rain shadow effect in the Basin and Range Province is Drier conditions on the eastern slopes.

The rain shadow effect in the Basin and Range Province occurs primarily due to the Sierra Nevada mountain range to the west. As moist air from the Pacific Ocean rises and cools over the Sierra Nevada, it loses moisture in the form of precipitation on the western slopes. By the time this air descends on the eastern side, it is much drier, resulting in arid conditions throughout much of the Basin and Range. This rain shadow effect is a significant factor in creating the dry desert landscapes typical of the region, with limited rainfall and sparse vegetation.