The primary use of waterways in the United States is the transportation of goods.

In the United States, waterways play a vital role in the transportation of goods, particularly bulk commodities like chemicals, coal, grain, and oil. The Great Lakes, rivers, and canals that make up the U.S. inland waterway system provide a productive and economical means of transporting heavy loads over great distances. Compared to other modes of transportation like trucks or rail, shipping businesses can deliver products more affordably by using barges. This encourages both domestic and foreign trade, eases traffic on the roadways, and supports several enterprises. The U.S. economy depends heavily on its waterways, which sustain the energy, agricultural, and manufacturing industries.