Hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking," is a method used to extract oil and gas from deep underground by injecting high-pressure fluid into rock formations to release trapped resources.

Fracking is the process of highly pressurized injections of a water, sand, and chemical mixture into subterranean rock formations. By causing cracks in the rock, this technique facilitates the easier passage of gas and oil to the surface. It has been a key technique for obtaining natural gas and oil from shale and other hard-to-reach deposits. It has, however, sparked environmental worries about induced seismic activity and possible groundwater contamination.