Fish farms are often criticized for risks of disease spread and pollution, impacting both farmed and wild ecosystems.

Despite being a sustainable supply of seafood, fish farms are criticized for environmental issues, particularly the risk of pollution and disease. Diseases and parasites like sea lice can spread as a result of high-density farming, affecting both farmed and local wild fish populations. Farm waste, such as leftover feed and fish waste, can contaminate nearby waters, leading to nutrient accumulation and possibly dangerous algal blooms. Concerns about food safety and the environment are also raised by the use of pesticides or antibiotics in certain procedures. Stricter regulations to guarantee sustainability, better containment systems, and better farming methods are some of the initiatives being taken to solve these problems.