The Gulf Coastal Plain faces significant environmental challenges, particularly from oil spills and habitat destruction.

The region's proximity to extensive oil drilling and refining activities increases the risk of spills, which can have devastating effects on marine and coastal ecosystems. These spills contaminate water, harm wildlife, and disrupt the delicate balance of local habitats. Additionally, habitat destruction due to industrial development, coastal erosion, and urbanization further threatens the region's biodiversity. The loss of wetlands and natural buffers exacerbates the impact of storms and rising sea levels. Addressing these challenges is crucial for preserving the Gulf Coastal Plain's unique ecosystems and ensuring the health of its environment.