The adaptation that helps plants survive in the arid conditions of the Basin and Range Province is deep root systems.

Plants in this region have evolved deep root systems to access moisture from the soil that is not readily available on the surface due to low precipitation. These roots allow them to tap into groundwater and remain hydrated during long dry spells. Additionally, many plants also have features like waxy coatings on leaves to reduce water loss and small leaf surfaces to minimize evaporation. These adaptations collectively enhance the ability of vegetation to thrive in the challenging, arid environment of the Basin and Range Province, supporting diverse ecosystems.