The primary weapon used during the Battle of Gettysburg was the Musket.

Many soldiers were specifically armed with the .58 caliber Springfield Model 1861 rifle-musket, known for its accuracy and effectiveness at long range. These muskets were frequently paired with rifled artillery, which also played a vital role in the conflict. The rifled musket provided improved accuracy and range compared to earlier smoothbore weapons, making it a key element in the fierce infantry confrontations that defined the battle.