After Antietam, both armies faced severe shortages in terms of resources.

The battle resulted in significant casualties, which not only depleted the ranks of soldiers but also strained supply lines for both the Union and Confederate forces. The high number of wounded required extensive medical supplies, which were in short supply, and the ongoing conflict strained logistics, making it difficult to procure food, ammunition, and other essential materials. This lack of resources contributed to the challenges each side faced as they prepared for future engagements in the war.