The Confederates effectively used defensive fighting tactics at the Battle of Antietam.

General Robert E. Lee’s forces were positioned strategically along key terrain features, including the Sunken Road and the high ground near Sharpsburg. This allowed them to withstand repeated assaults from Union troops while inflicting significant casualties. The Confederate soldiers utilized natural obstacles and existing fortifications to their advantage, maximizing their defensive capabilities. Despite being outnumbered, their strong defensive positions enabled them to hold off Union advances for much of the battle, showcasing the effectiveness of their tactics in a desperate and intense combat situation.