The New York City draft riots, which erupted in July 1863, reflected anti-war sentiment and racism.

Fueled by widespread anger over the Union draft, perceived as unfairly targeting the poor and immigrant populations. Many participants, primarily working-class white men, expressed resentment towards the draft and the prospect of fighting to free enslaved people, fearing job competition. The riots led to violent clashes, particularly against Black individuals and communities, underscoring deep-seated racial tensions and anti-war sentiment. These events highlighted the complexities of public opinion during the Civil War and the challenges of national unity.