primary contributor to water pollution in coastal ecosystems is Agricultural runoff, Industrial waste,
urban stormwater.

Agricultural runoff, industrial waste, and urban stormwater are the major contributors to water pollution in coastal ecosystems. Agricultural runoff carries fertilizers, pesticides, and sediments into waterways, leading to nutrient pollution, algal blooms, and hypoxia. Industrial waste, including toxic chemicals and heavy metals, can contaminate water sources, harming aquatic life and ecosystems. Urban stormwater often carries pollutants like oil, trash, and sewage from urban areas, polluting coastal waters. Together, these sources degrade water quality, disrupt marine ecosystems, and threaten biodiversity. Addressing these pollution pathways is essential for the protection and health of coastal environments.