Coral reefs are the most productive coastal ecosystems in terms of biodiversity, supporting a vast array of marine life.

Coral reefs are often referred to as the "rainforests of the sea" due to their incredible biodiversity. They provide habitat for about 25% of marine species, despite covering only a small fraction of the ocean floor. Coral reefs support a wide range of organisms, including fish, invertebrates, and plants, making them the most biologically productive coastal ecosystem. While salt marshes, wetlands, and mangrove forests also support rich biodiversity, coral reefs are particularly known for their high species richness and complex ecological interactions.