The Appalachian region is primarily known for its vast deposits of coal, which have historically fueled the U.S. energy industry.

For over a hundred years, the U.S. energy industry has depended on the extensive coal deposits in the Appalachian region, which extends from Alabama to Pennsylvania. This area, particularly in West Virginia, Kentucky, and Eastern Tennessee, is rich in underground coal resources. While coal mining has significantly contributed to the local economy and industrial growth, it has also raised serious environmental concerns and has been declining due to changes in energy practices. Despite these issues, coal remains the most important natural resource in Appalachia, overshadowing its other valuable resources like pastures, freshwater fisheries, and forests.