Selective logging is the method of logging least harmful to forest ecosystems.

In selective logging, only mature or specific trees are harvested, while the overall structure and biodiversity of the forest are maintained. This method allows the forest to regenerate naturally, preserving the habitat for wildlife and minimizing soil erosion and water disruption. It contrasts with methods like clearcutting, which removes large areas of forest, and slash-and-burn, which involves clearing land by burning, both of which can lead to long-term environmental damage. Selective logging is considered a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach to timber extraction.