The largest environmental concern related to coal burning for electricity generation is carbon dioxide emissions.

The primary environmental concern associated with coal burning for electricity generation is the release of carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and climate change. Coal combustion produces more carbon dioxide per unit of energy than other fossil fuels like natural gas or oil, making it a significant contributor to the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. In addition to carbon dioxide, coal burning releases other pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, which can harm air quality and human health. Addressing carbon dioxide emissions from coal is a key focus in efforts to mitigate climate change.