The environmental concern associated with oil extraction is water contamination.

Oil extraction can lead to significant environmental problems, with water contamination being one of the most serious. During the drilling process, spills and leaks of oil and toxic chemicals can seep into nearby water sources, affecting rivers, lakes, and groundwater. This contamination harms aquatic ecosystems, endangers wildlife, and can make water unsafe for drinking or agricultural use. Additionally, the chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing (fracking) can infiltrate underground water supplies. Preventing water contamination through strict regulations and safety measures is essential for reducing the environmental footprint of oil extraction.