Rising natural gas production is the primary factor driving the decline in coal use in the U.S.

The decline in coal use in the U.S. is primarily due to the rise in natural gas production, particularly from shale gas reserves. The development of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) has made natural gas more abundant and affordable, leading to its increased use in electricity generation. Natural gas plants emit less carbon dioxide and other pollutants compared to coal-fired plants, making it a cleaner alternative. As a result, utilities have shifted toward natural gas for power generation, significantly reducing the demand for coal. This shift, combined with environmental regulations and the growth of renewable energy, has further accelerated coal's decline.