The zebra mussel is a harmful invasive species impacting the Mississippi River by outcompeting native species and damaging infrastructure.

The ecosystem of the Mississippi River has been severely harmed by zebra mussels, an invasive species from Eurasia. Dense colonies of these mussels adhere to surfaces, obstructing water intake pipes and causing damage to infrastructure. They upset the food chain by removing plankton from the water, depriving aquatic life and local fish of vital supplies. Significant ecological harm and expensive maintenance issues along the river have resulted from their quick spread.