The Native American tribe that traditionally inhabits the Basin and Range Province is Navajo.

The Navajo Nation occupies a significant portion of the Basin and Range Province, primarily in the northeastern part of Arizona, as well as parts of Utah and New Mexico. The Navajo people have a rich cultural heritage that includes a deep connection to the land, which is characterized by desert landscapes, mountains, and canyons. Historically, they engaged in farming, hunting, and gathering, adapting their lifestyle to the arid environment. The Navajo are known for their intricate weaving, pottery, and traditional ceremonies, which reflect their spiritual relationship with the land and their history in the Basin and Range region.